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Original Research
Online Published: 20 Aug 2015
 
RMJ. 2015; 40(3): 311-314


Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan

Abdul Latif Jokhio, Shahid Hussain Soomro, Saleem Raza Khuhawar, Manzoor Ali Kandhro, Muhammad Asif Chandio.


Abstract
Objective: To determine mean eruption age, range and sequence of permanent maxillary and mandibular premolars in public schools of Lahore, Pakistan so as to provide a reference for planning orthodontic treatment and in pediatric dentistry.
Methodology: This is a cross sectional study consisting of multistage random sampling and included 4000 children, with ages in between 9-14 years of different public schools in Lahore. Participants were examined and tooth numbering was noted by two-digit system of FDI (Federation Dentaire Internationale). Emergence was divided into three stages depending on eruption level. SPSS version 18 was used for statistical analysis.
Results: Out of 4000 children, 1960 were boys and 2031 were girls. In both genders maxillary premolars erupted before mandibular counterparts. All premolars erupted earlier in females than the males. The sequence of emergence for both genders was P1, P2 in upper as well as in lower arch.
Conclusion: Eruption of premolar in females was earlier than males but delayed in both genders while compared with Western standard.

Key words: Eruption, maxillary and mandibular, P1= 1st premolar, P2= 2nd premolar.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Jokhio AL, Soomro SH, Khuhawar SR, Kandhro MA, Chandio MA. Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2015; 40(3): 311-314.

Web Style

Jokhio AL, Soomro SH, Khuhawar SR, Kandhro MA, Chandio MA. Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=177251 [Access: June 23, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Jokhio AL, Soomro SH, Khuhawar SR, Kandhro MA, Chandio MA. Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. 2015; 40(3): 311-314.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Jokhio AL, Soomro SH, Khuhawar SR, Kandhro MA, Chandio MA. Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ. (2015), [cited June 23, 2026]; 40(3): 311-314.


Harvard Style

Jokhio, A. L., Soomro, . S. H., Khuhawar, . S. R., Kandhro, . M. A. & Chandio, . M. A. (2015) Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan. RMJ, 40 (3), 311-314.


Turabian Style

Jokhio, Abdul Latif, Shahid Hussain Soomro, Saleem Raza Khuhawar, Manzoor Ali Kandhro, and Muhammad Asif Chandio. 2015. Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 40 (3), 311-314.


Chicago Style

Jokhio, Abdul Latif, Shahid Hussain Soomro, Saleem Raza Khuhawar, Manzoor Ali Kandhro, and Muhammad Asif Chandio. "Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 40 (2015), 311-314.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Jokhio, Abdul Latif, Shahid Hussain Soomro, Saleem Raza Khuhawar, Manzoor Ali Kandhro, and Muhammad Asif Chandio. "Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan." Rawal Medical Journal 40.3 (2015), 311-314. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Jokhio, A. L., Soomro, . S. H., Khuhawar, . S. R., Kandhro, . M. A. & Chandio, . M. A. (2015) Determination of permanent premolars eruption ages among public school children in Lahore, Pakistan. Rawal Medical Journal, 40 (3), 311-314.


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