Abstract
Objective: To assess the effectiveness of type 1 tympanoplasty, with or without mastoidectomy.
Methodology: This cross-sectional retro and prospective study was conducted in ENT Department, Fazaia Medical College at PAF hospital, Islamabad from Dec 2018 to Dec 2023. Study included 68 patients with chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) of the mucosal type. They were divided into two groups: Group I (tympanoplasty alone) and Group II (tympanoplasty with cortical mastoidectomy). Because of inclusion of retrospective patients, the number of patients in each group was unequal. Type I tympanoplasty was performed, either endoscopically or microscopically, using temporalis fascia or tragal cartilage with perichondrium as graft material. Post-operative assessments evaluated graft status and hearing improvement on PTA. Data analysis used SPSS 22; using Fisher's Exact, considering results significant if the p-value was less than 0.05.
Results: Out of 68 patients, 32 were males and 36 females. Group I had 22 patients and Group II comprised of 46 patients. Group I patients had dry perforations with a mean hearing loss of about 30 dB, while Group II patients had wet ears with a mean hearing loss of about 27.5 dB. Group II had a 100% success rate, with a mean air-bone gap closure of 22.5dB and 100% graft uptake. In contrast, Group I had an 81.81% success rate, with a mean air-bone gap closure of 16.6 dB and 81% graft uptake (p<0.05).
Conclusion: Mastoidectomy offers a statistically significant advantage over tympanoplasty alone in the treatment of tubotympanic CSOM.

Key words: Pure tone audiometry, subtotal perforation, tympanoplasty, mastoidectomy.