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Original Research 
RMJ. 2018; 43(3): 462-466


Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference

Asif Muhammad, Aslam Muhammad, Saima Altaf, Rashid Ahmad Rana.


Abstract
Objective: To evaluate the nutritional status of the Pakistani children aged 2-5 years.
Methods: A cross-sectional study of 1474 children, aged 2-5 years, was undertaken from Multan, Lahore, Rawalpindi and Islamabad, Pakistan from March-June, 2016. The head circumference (HdC) measurement of each subject was taken. Following the WHO age and sex-specific cut-off points, nutritional status of children was determined.
Results: The mean age and HdC of the total subjects was 4.15±0.87 years and 48.51±1.79 cm, respectively. Mean HdC increased with advancement of age in both boys and girls. Moderate under-nutrition was more prevalent than severe under-nutrition in both genders. Based on the HdC, the overall (age and sex combined) percentage of under-nourishment was 16.2 while these percentages were 16.4 and 15.8 for girls and boys, respectively.
Conclusion: The study showed that a considerable number of Pakistani children were undernourished. A high rate of under-nutrition was observed in girls than in boys.

Key words: Head circumference, Nutritional status, Weight-for-age, Weight-for-height.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Muhammad A, Muhammad A, Altaf S, Rana RA. Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference. RMJ. 2018; 43(3): 462-466.

Web Style

Muhammad A, Muhammad A, Altaf S, Rana RA. Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=280218 [Access: June 27, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Muhammad A, Muhammad A, Altaf S, Rana RA. Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference. RMJ. 2018; 43(3): 462-466.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Muhammad A, Muhammad A, Altaf S, Rana RA. Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference. RMJ. (2018), [cited June 27, 2026]; 43(3): 462-466.


Harvard Style

Muhammad, A., Muhammad, . A., Altaf, . S. & Rana, . R. A. (2018) Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference. RMJ, 43 (3), 462-466.


Turabian Style

Muhammad, Asif, Aslam Muhammad, Saima Altaf, and Rashid Ahmad Rana. 2018. Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference. Rawal Medical Journal, 43 (3), 462-466.


Chicago Style

Muhammad, Asif, Aslam Muhammad, Saima Altaf, and Rashid Ahmad Rana. "Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference." Rawal Medical Journal 43 (2018), 462-466.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Muhammad, Asif, Aslam Muhammad, Saima Altaf, and Rashid Ahmad Rana. "Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference." Rawal Medical Journal 43.3 (2018), 462-466. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Muhammad, A., Muhammad, . A., Altaf, . S. & Rana, . R. A. (2018) Evaluation of nutritional status of children using the WHO’s Standards for head circumference. Rawal Medical Journal, 43 (3), 462-466.


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