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Original Research 
RMJ. 2020; 45(4): 890-893


Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults

Anila Sarwar, Sara Subhan, Sadia Saleem, Zahid Mahmood.


Abstract
Objective: To identify the risk and protective factors in young adults experiencing breakup distress in Lahore, Pakistan.
Methodology: It was a quantitative study with correlational research design and included 142 participants (75 women; 67 men) who experienced romantic relationship breakup and were studying in university. They were selected through purposive sampling with the mean age of 21.12 (SD=2.49). All participants were given the protocol comprising Romantic Relationship Breakup; EMBU_A (My Memories of Upbringing) and demographic variables.
Results: Paternal Rejection and Overprotection were found to be highly significant for increasing the risks of distress associated with romantic relationship breakup in young adults. Also, the women are more vulnerable to experience psychosocial distress after romantic relationships breakup.
Conclusion: The breakup distress variation is determined by numerous risk and protective factors particularly parental practices. Thus, it’s imperative to identify those factors to reduce the distress associated with breakup in adults.

Key words: Distress, psycho-emotional, multidimensional.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Sarwar A, Subhan S, Saleem S, Mahmood Z. Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults. RMJ. 2020; 45(4): 890-893.

Web Style

Sarwar A, Subhan S, Saleem S, Mahmood Z. Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=83300 [Access: June 22, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Sarwar A, Subhan S, Saleem S, Mahmood Z. Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults. RMJ. 2020; 45(4): 890-893.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Sarwar A, Subhan S, Saleem S, Mahmood Z. Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults. RMJ. (2020), [cited June 22, 2026]; 45(4): 890-893.


Harvard Style

Sarwar, A., Subhan, . S., Saleem, . S. & Mahmood, . Z. (2020) Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults. RMJ, 45 (4), 890-893.


Turabian Style

Sarwar, Anila, Sara Subhan, Sadia Saleem, and Zahid Mahmood. 2020. Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults. Rawal Medical Journal, 45 (4), 890-893.


Chicago Style

Sarwar, Anila, Sara Subhan, Sadia Saleem, and Zahid Mahmood. "Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults." Rawal Medical Journal 45 (2020), 890-893.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Sarwar, Anila, Sara Subhan, Sadia Saleem, and Zahid Mahmood. "Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults." Rawal Medical Journal 45.4 (2020), 890-893. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Sarwar, A., Subhan, . S., Saleem, . S. & Mahmood, . Z. (2020) Risk and vulnerability factors of breakup distress in young adults. Rawal Medical Journal, 45 (4), 890-893.


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