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Original Research 
RMJ. 2022; 47(1): 209-212


Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale

Lubna Meraj, Naheed Gul, Aashi Mughal, Neelum Zaka, Rana Ali Murtaza, Sajida Naseem.


Abstract
Objective: To assess the impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills on Kalamazoo scale.
Methodology: This quasi-experimental, multicenter study was conducted among 160 third year MBBS students of one each private and public medical college from March 2017 to January 2018. Communication skills of students were scored using Kalamazoo Checklist-Adapted (KEECC-A). Data were analyzed on SPSS version 23.
Results: The disparity between both categories was significant (p<0.001). The seventh element, providing closure included asking patient to summarize, acknowledge and close the interview. The ECE students performed very good to excellent 41(51.3%) as compared to the Non-ECE students 3(3.8%). The dissimilarity among categories remained statistically significant (p<0.001).
Conclusion: The Kalamazoo scale was well performed by the ECE group showing that early clinical exposure can improve communication skills of students and hence better physician-patient relationship.

Key words: Early clinical exposure (ECE), communication skills, undergraduates.


 
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How to Cite this Article
Pubmed Style

Meraj L, Gul N, Mughal A, Zaka N, Murtaza RA, Naseem S. Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale. RMJ. 2022; 47(1): 209-212.

Web Style

Meraj L, Gul N, Mughal A, Zaka N, Murtaza RA, Naseem S. Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale. https://www.rmj.org.pk/?mno=89530 [Access: June 27, 2026].

AMA (American Medical Association) Style

Meraj L, Gul N, Mughal A, Zaka N, Murtaza RA, Naseem S. Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale. RMJ. 2022; 47(1): 209-212.


Vancouver/ICMJE Style

Meraj L, Gul N, Mughal A, Zaka N, Murtaza RA, Naseem S. Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale. RMJ. (2022), [cited June 27, 2026]; 47(1): 209-212.


Harvard Style

Meraj, L., Gul, . N., Mughal, . A., Zaka, . N., Murtaza, . R. A. & Naseem, . S. (2022) Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale. RMJ, 47 (1), 209-212.


Turabian Style

Meraj, Lubna, Naheed Gul, Aashi Mughal, Neelum Zaka, Rana Ali Murtaza, and Sajida Naseem. 2022. Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale. Rawal Medical Journal, 47 (1), 209-212.


Chicago Style

Meraj, Lubna, Naheed Gul, Aashi Mughal, Neelum Zaka, Rana Ali Murtaza, and Sajida Naseem. "Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale." Rawal Medical Journal 47 (2022), 209-212.


MLA (The Modern Language Association) Style

Meraj, Lubna, Naheed Gul, Aashi Mughal, Neelum Zaka, Rana Ali Murtaza, and Sajida Naseem. "Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale." Rawal Medical Journal 47.1 (2022), 209-212. Print.


APA (American Psychological Association) Style

Meraj, L., Gul, . N., Mughal, . A., Zaka, . N., Murtaza, . R. A. & Naseem, . S. (2022) Impact of early clinical exposure upon communication skills pertaining to undergraduate medical students as assessed on Kalamazoo scale. Rawal Medical Journal, 47 (1), 209-212.


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